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April 6, 1926. 1,579,398

C.A.RUDQVBT CENTRALIZED OPERATING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTQRQ Filed y 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheat 1- I/VVE'NTOR;

A Try.

April 6 1926.

- C. A. RUDQVIST CENTRALIZED OPERATING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed May 5, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /I o o I I a 46 43 m 7155 //VVE/V 5 W 55 13. mm

W25 A 'Y- Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

UNITED STATES CARL AUGUST BUDQVIST, STAKET, SWEDEN.

GENTRALIZED OPERATING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTORS.

Application filed May 3,

To (1 4050777, 2'25 may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL AUoUsr RUD- vrs'r, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Staket, in the county of Stockholm and Kin dom of Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Centralized Operat ng li Iechanism for Internal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a new and useful in'iprm'ement in Operating mechanisms for internal combustion motors, and has for its object to so construct devices of this description as to make them exceedingly simple, convenient and accessible, in order to make it possible to perform all necessary operat ing movements from one place.

By means of the device forming the subject-matter of this invention an electric current is closed to an igniting plug in the combustion chamber of the motor, in order to start the motor immediately in its cold state without particular heating means. In ad dition, an electric current may be closed through an auxiliary electric starting motor, said starting motor being automatically thrown in so as to impart movement to the combustion motor.

The invention also comprises means for braking the speed of the motor, particularly in order to facilitate reversing, but also to stop the motor, when necessary' I This operating mechanism facilitates the performance of necessary operating movements in a determined order, thus eliminating all disturbance.

With these and other objects in view this invention consists in the details of construction and combination of elements hereim after set forth and then specifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may understand how to make and use the same, the construction and operation will now be described in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the apparatus, showing the index plate in the upper housing, Fig. 2 is a schematic view of z combust'on engine arranged according to the invention, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus with the upper housing removed, and show ing the connections to the electric battery. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line IVIV, Fig. 3, and Fig. 5, a sectional view on the line VV, Fig. 3. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 show details.

The operating lever 1 is provided with an indicator 2 adapted to travel over a scale on a plate 3, fixed on the upper housing 4. The scale is graduated for forward and back and for this purpose is marked with letters I (ignition) S (starting) and F (fuel) on each side of the mark (Zero), one side corresponding to forward and the other side to back. The hub 5 0f the starting lever 1 by means of a pin 6 is attached to a hub 7 extending from a doublearmedelement 8, pivoted on a tube 9 in the bottom plate 10.

The right arm of element 8 (Figs. 3 and 4) is formed into a hub 7 provided with a contact member 11 of electrically conductive material, by means of threads attached to a shaft 12 with a rifled knob 13, fixed to shaft 12 by means of a pin 14. The knob is Serial No. 636,350.

provided with an arrow 13 in normal position in alinement with an arrow on the housing 4, the object of the arrows being to show whether the knobhas been turned or not. A spring 15, wound around the shaft 12, serves for pressing the contact member 11 downward. Contact member 11 and shaft 12 are disposed in a non-conducting socket .16 fixed on the hub 7 By lifting the contact member 11 against the pressure of the spring 15 and at the same time turning the knob 13 one quarter of a turn, the contact member 11 may be secured in a lifted position, the shaft 12 being provided with pins 17 extending from two sides of the shaft, which during the turning motion will be brought to rest'upon a raised surface 18 of the socket 16, against abutment projections 19 (Figs. 3 and 4) to limit the movement. Shaft 12 with knob 13 extends outside of the housing 4 through an opening or slot 20, so designed 'as to allow the shaft 12 to move freely during the turning motion of element 8. Below the contact member 11 there are two circular metal contact rails 21 and 22, shown from one side in Fig. 13. These rails are fixed in circular grooves in a ring 23 of electrically insulating material.

In order to break the contact between the contact member 11 and the middle portions of rails 21, 22, said portions of the rails are somewhat recessed as at 24, Fig. 13. The rails are provided with contact pins 25, 26 for the electric wires 27, 28.

The left arm of element 8 (Figs. 3 and 4) is provided with three hubs, one of which recion of same. The heating of the ignitis situated the middle part of the arm and represented by the numeral 29, the others 80 and 31 being placed at each side of hub 29 and similar to each other. Hub 29 isprovided with a metal contact member 32, shaft 33, spring 3% and lnsulatmg socket 35 all of the same desimrast-he corresoond ing parts 11, 12, 15, 16 of the hub 7 of the left arm, the only difference being-that shaft 33 is provided with a washer 36 instead of the rifled knob of shaft 12, said washer being situated on the inside of housing 4'.

Each of the hubs 30 and 31 is provided with a pin 3'? having an electrically conducting head 38, and at theupperpart of the. pins there are secured collars orwashers 39 by means of cot er pins 40. Each pin 37. is surrounded. by a pressure spring il, the whole being enclosed in an insulating soclret- 42, attached to the hub. Below the different positions of contact member 32, there are arranged circular metal Contact. rails 43, ist, 43 and PP arranged at intervals as shown in Figs. 3 and 12 in the circular grooves of the insulating ring; In these grooves are also fixed the contact rails 46, 4:7, 46 and 47 below the different positions of the heads. 38. The rails are provided with contact pins 48, 4,8 49, 4:9 50and 50 for the electric wires 51', 51 52, 52 53 and 53 respectively.

As will be understood from Fig. 12, the contact. rails are arranged. with a certain clearance space. In Fig. 12 the. rail pieces are viewed from the inside and spread out to a plane figure. The rail pieces shown in 12 being those, arranged in the inner groove of the insulating ring, the corresponding outer rails 46 iShi and 7 iigz.

3) are situated behind the rails shown. The element 8 being in the positionv shown in Fig. 8, the indicator pointing at 0, all the contact members 11, 32, 38, 38 are free from the contact rails, no circuit being closed. By turning element 8 at such an angle, that the indicator points at i, contact will be formed between the member 11. and rails 21, 22, thus closing the circuit from the battery B through wires 28, 27 and the igr niting plug 55 of the main motor M, the return circuit from the igniting plug being through the frame of the engine in the usual manner. At the same time contact will be formed between the contact member 32 and the contact rails in such a. manner, that by tur' the indicator to the let (Fig. l), the member 32 will come, into contact with the back rails 43 and by turning to the right, contact wili be formed with the forward rails a l, a l By this arrangement. of. the contacts, the positive pole of the battery will be connected to one orthe other of the poles of the electric starting motor 56, thus determining the turning diing plug having been accomplished in about one quarter of a minute by means of a resistance element (not shown), for the purpose of warming the fuel as it is delivered to the combustion chambeiythenext. operation will be to turn element 8 with the indicator pointing at. S. T he cont-act member 38 of hub 80 will thereby be thrown into contact with rails 48, 43 if back be desired. In case of forward being desired, element 8 must be turned with the indicator pointing at Son the right side (Fi 1), the contact member 38 of hub 31 wih then be thrown in with rails 44, e4 By this operation the negative pole of the battery will be connected to the other pole of the starting motor. With the type of starting motor generally chosen for the purpose in question, an axial" movement of the rotor will be accomplished before the motor starts to run. By this axial movement of the rotor a pinion 57 on the motor shaft will be carried into mesh with a gear wheel 58- on the shaft 59 of the combustion motor M. The starting motor, immediately after the axial movement of the rotor, being set into motion by the electric current, the main motor M begins to rotate in the direction desired. it must be noted,.that' during all the operations mentioned above, which are carried out by means of the starting lever 1, this 1 ver must be held steady in the different positions, as the element 8 will return to the zero-position, as soon as the iever is let free. Springs60 and 61 being fixed tween projections 62 and 63 of element 8 and pins 64: and 65 on the bottom plate. 10, will cause this automatic-return moven'icnt of element 8. The contact rails 41%, and 46 4-7 are electrically connected by means of conducting members 66 and 67, to facilitate the passage of the electric current.

' The arrangement for braking the speed of the motor, for the purpose of reversing or stopping same, comprises a braking lever 68, rigidly attached to a shaft (39, rotatably mounted inv the tubular, part 9 of bottom plate 10. At the lower end: of the shaft, there is attacheda hub 70 with. an extending arm 70 and below this hub a lever 71.

i It is a matter of great importance that on starting the motor, the pinion 57 of the auxiliary starting motor will. not be damaged by the gear wheel 58 of the main mogrammatically in Fig. 2, is operated on its pressure stroke by a reciprocatory member (not shown) connected to the shaft of the motor M in any well known manner so as to oscillate synchronously with the rotation of said shaft, said reciprocatory member being adapted to strike the pumping member 7 5 once during each revolutiom'thus causing the pump to inject fuel into the cylinder. The suction stroke of the pump is produced by means of a spring encircling the pumping member 7 5 as shown in Fig. 2. A lever 76 is pivotally mounted on a pin 77 carried by the motor casing, said lever having a bent end adapted to engage the pumping member and maintain the same out of reach of the reciprocatory operating memher. For operating the lever 77 a spring 78 is connected at one end thereof to said lever and at its opposite end to a lever 79 pivoted at 101 on the motor casing, to which lever is secureda line or wire 80, passing over a guide roll 81 and attached to the lever 71 mentioned above. The position of lever 71 will determine the position of lever 7 6 and consequently the acting or the non-acting of the fuel pump, and lever 71 is locked in position by means of a pin 82 at the end of arm 70 said pin by means of a spring 83 being forced into a hole in a collar 72 on base plate 10. The fuel pump plunger, in the usual manner during the active stroke is forced inward against the action of the spring above referred to, said spring serving for imparting movement to the plunger during the suction stroke.

Located in a circular groove in the bottom plate 10, below the right arm of the member 8, is a segmental member 86 carrying at its underside a pin 87 which extends into the opening in collar 7 2 and into contact with the pin 82 above described. The member 86 is cut out at the upper side thereof to provide a pair of upwardly extending projections or lugs 85, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the inner sides of said lugs being curved or inclined. The member 86 is normally held in contact with the arm of the member 8 by means of a spring 87, so that no pressure is exerted by the pin 87 on the pin 82. Upon rotating the operating lever 1, however, to the position where the indicator is in alin-ement with F at either side of the scale, a part 841 of the arm of member 8 will ride up on the curved side of one of the lugs 85, thus depressing the member 86 and causing its pin 87 to force the pin 82 down out of the opening in collar 72, thereby releasing the lever 71, whereupon a spring 88 (Fig. 2) acts on the lever 7 9 and relieves the tension of spring 78, thus rendering the lever 76 inoperative and permitting the fuel pump to be operated.

V After this operation, the operating lever 1 7 1s released and automatically returns to zero,

as mentioned above. If the motor is sufficiently heated, it will now run normally. Should this not be the case the starting operation must be repeated. For reasons mention-ed above, it is necessary to brake and stop the speed of the motor before starting anew. For this purpose another locking device is provided, comprising a circular segmental part 90 (Figs. 8, 7 and 8) arranged in the circular groove in the base plate 10, and provided with looking projections 89 with raised surfaces (Fig. 7) similar to the projections of member 86 above described. Element 8 carries a part 91, which on turning the element will come into contact with either one of the raised projections 89 and thus force the member 90 downward. The circular part 90 also carries a pin 92 which projects into a hole in a collar 74 on base plate 10, the end of which pin is screwed into a strap 93. A spring 94: forces the pin 92 upward. The strap 93 embraces a sectorformed part 95 of hub 70, provided with a wedge-formed part 96. For braking the motor, the lower part of lever 7 9 (Fig. 2), on each side of pivot 101 is connected to a brake band 102 of generally known design, combined with a sheave 108 on the motor shaft 59.

The purpose of this brake is to enable the operator to reverse the motor rapidly and with the least possible loss of time. hen

starting the motor, it may happen that the electric starting motor is thrown off too soon,

with the result that the main motor will stop, whereupon the operator may desire quickly to throw in the starting motor. The main motor may not, however, have come to a complete stop and if the starting motor is operated so as to bring the pinion 57 into mesh with the gear 58 while the main motor is rotating considerable damage might be done to the teeth of the pinion. By means of this braking mechanism, however, this danger is entirely eliminated. The brake band 102 is so connected with the lever 7 9 that it will be tightened onthe sheave 103 when the lever 7 9 is swung on its pivot by the tightening of the cable 80.

In the braking position of lever 68 the wedge 96 will force down the pin 92 and locking projections 89, thus unlocking element 8 and facilitating a new starting operation. In this position member 90 is locked by means of a lip 97, said lip by means of a spring 98 and pins 99 being carried on the base plate 10. For bringing the lip into, as well as out of locking position, there are arranged co-acting surfaces on element 8 and the arms 104 of the lip. A series of holes in lever 71 facilitate an adjustment of the attachment point of wire 80. The collar 72 carries an arm 73 with a recess for receiving the pin 82 when braking is completed. The fuel pump will be thrown out before the beginning; of the braking; ac?

tion, and thespring Will be stretched? when the. brake band 102is set around sheave 103.. Movement Will be imparted topin 92 at:

I every starting operation. The lever l and; element- 8-being turned at starting, themenrber 90 will be unlocked fromthe lip 97, saidv lip being. forced: to move in the direction. of the centre of the apparatus by the action of a cam surface on the bottomstrikes one of the projecting; arms 104, 104:

of lip 97 the lip will be moved out of locking position and the. pin 92 consequently will be; free. to move upward. by the action of spring; 94:. -The element 8 havingbeen turned back fromstarting.po sition, the projections 89 of member 90 will prevent theturning of element 8. for a new start, before. braking. the motor. The braking isaccomplished by turning: lever. 68', the lever 71 and sector 95 being:- turned at the same time, thus forcing down member 90-by means of projections 96, as stated above.

Essentially, this invention relates to an operating mechanism for internal combustion motors, provided with. an electricmotorfor starting-.01 reversingthe'motion, the object of the invention being. toprovide devices for braking the: motor,. shut-ting o the "fuel-supply or the ignition, conducting electric current to the startingimotorrin.such a= Way that the same'will rotate in either direction and,. in: case of? the motorbeing a crude-oil motor, for putting one or more electric glowing bodies for quick starting ignition into action, all of Which devices are brought together in; one: apparatus; and so associated Wllill'afiZtCll othenthat. the fuel;- supply and the; ignition: are cut cit: before the braking, and that-operation of; the start?- ing: motor is prevented until an: operas tion for; stopping the main motor is completed.

Various modifications may be made Vllillout departing; from the: spirit and scope of this invention,. which is not to belimited to the particular details shown and described. The brake arrangement may be designed as' a hydraulic, magnetic or pneumatic brake, the lever 79 being connected to suitable elements, such as valves or electriccontacts and circuit breakers.- In this case, the lever may act directly upon these elements, or may be connected to the elements by means of link arrangements on electric conductors It" the operating gear is designed for a motor with electric spark ignition, the spark must be-throivn'in shortly before the fuel supply is'puti into function.

Thedevi'ce is not limitedto-a certain type rsvas e bustion engine'having; an electric ignition plug, an. auxiliary electric starting motor, means for supplying. anelectric current to said plug and motor, a device. for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, and; movable meansoperati veuin successivesteps to close the circuit. through said ignition; plug, then through saidv starting motor and then to release said fuel supplying device'thereby to start the engine.-

2. The combination of an internal com bustion engine having; an electric ignition plug, anv auxiliary electric starting; motor,

means for supplyingair electric current to ple and motor, a device for supplying Cl; ruel to said engine, meansfor-maintaining said device inoperative, movable"- means ops erative in successive steps-'toclose the. cir= cuit through. Sftldi ignition-r plug, then through said: starting: motor and their re lease said fuel supplying device thereby to the engine,. and: means automatically operative upon; the return of theaoperat= ing means to" normal position. to rendenthe fuel suppllyin device inoperative.

3; "The con'ibination an internal: combus n engine having an electric ignition plug, an auxiliaryelectric starting motor, means for supplying an electric current. to saidplug and motor, device for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, movable means operat ive in successive steps to closethe circuit through said ignition plug,.then through said starting motor andthen to rel ease said fuel supplying device thereby to start the engine, means automatically operative upon the return of the operating means to-normal position to render the fuel supplying device inoperative, and manually operable means operative While said fuel device is inoperative to brake the speed of rotation of the engine.

4. The combination of" an internal combustion er' .ne having an electric ignition plug, an auxiliary electric starting motor, means for supplying an electric current to said plug and motor, a device=for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, movable means 0pcrative in successive steps to close the circuit through said ignition plug, then through said starting motor and then to release said fuel supplying device thereby to start the engine, means automatically operative upon the return of the operating means to normal position to render the'fuel supplying device inope 'ativc, manually operable means operative While said fuel device is inoperative to brake the speed of rotation of the engine, and means operated by said brake operating means for locking said fuel supplying device against operation.

5. The combination of an internal combustion engine having an electric ignition plug, an auxiliary electric starting motor, means for supplying an electric current to said plug and motor, a device for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, movable means operative in successive steps to close the circuit through said ignition plug, then through said starting motor and then to release said fuel supplying device thereby to start the engine, means for braking the speed of rotation of the engine, and means between said movable means and braking means for preventing actuation of one of said means until the complete operation of the other has been performed.

6. The combination ofan internal combustion engine having an electric ignition plug, an auxiliary electric starting motor, means for supplying an electric current to said plug and motor, a device for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, a lever 0p erative in successive steps to close the circuit through said ignition plug, then through said starting motor and then to release said fuel supplying device thereby to start the engine, and means for automatically returning said lever to its initial position.

7. Thecombination of an internal combustion engine having an electric ignition plug, an auxiliary electric starting motor, means for supplying an electric current to said plug and'motor, a device for supplying fuel to said engine, means for maintaining said device inoperative, movable means operative in successive steps to close the circuit through said ignition plug, then through said starting motor and then to release said fuel supplying device thereby to start the engine, and means for breaking the circuit through said plugindependently of the movement of said movable means.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' CARL AUGUST RUDQVIST. 

